ab ovo
alliteration
ballad
bildungsroman (think Dickens)
beast fable
blank verse
courtly love
digressional poem
dramatic monologue
dream vision poetry
epic -- primary and secondary
entwicklungsroman ("...is a story of general growth rather than self-culture", wikipedia)
epigraph
epiphany
epistolary convention
fabliau
fourth wall (convention)
free verse
frame narrative
gawaian stanza
gothic novel
hamartia
heroic couplet
homeric simily
hubris
in medias res
interlude
intertextuality
kenning
kunstlerroman (think Joyce)
magic realism
metafiction
metaphore
metaphysical poetry
metonymy
miracle play
miltonic simily
mock-heroic
morality play
negative capability (think Keats)
ode
ottava rima
poetic diction
realistic novel
revenge tragedy
rhyme royal
sonnet
spoken stage directions
stream of conciousness
synecdoche
terza rima
three unities (of story, place and time)
theatre of absurd (think Beckett)
trope